Applying Asphalt Shingles – DIY vs Professional

Applying asphalt shingles – DIY vs Professional: This age-old roofing question pits the allure of cost savings and personal accomplishment against the expertise and assurance of professional installation. Whether you’re a seasoned DIY enthusiast or a homeowner facing a roofing project, understanding the nuances of each approach is crucial for making an informed decision. This guide will delve into the pros and cons of both DIY and professional asphalt shingle installation, helping you determine the best path for your specific needs and budget.

We’ll explore everything from choosing the right shingles and preparing your roof deck to the complexities of underlayment, flashing, and proper nailing techniques. We’ll also compare the costs, time commitments, and potential risks associated with each method, providing a comprehensive overview to empower you with the knowledge to make the right choice.

Introduction to Asphalt Shingle Roofing

Asphalt shingles are the most common roofing material in North America, offering a balance of affordability, durability, and aesthetic appeal. Understanding their types and the process of roof assessment is crucial for both DIY enthusiasts and homeowners considering professional help. This section will provide a foundational understanding of asphalt shingle roofing.

Asphalt shingles are composed of a fiberglass mat saturated with asphalt, then coated with additional asphalt and granules for weather protection and color. The base material, the asphalt saturation, and the type of granules all contribute to the shingle’s overall performance and lifespan.

Types of Asphalt Shingles

Different types of asphalt shingles cater to varying budgets and aesthetic preferences. Key distinctions lie in their composition and durability. Three-tab shingles are the most economical, featuring a simple three-tab design. Architectural shingles, also known as dimensional shingles, offer a more textured, upscale appearance and generally improved durability due to their thicker profile and more complex layering. Luxury shingles, such as those incorporating slate or wood-shake designs, represent the highest end of the market, providing exceptional durability and visual appeal, but at a significantly higher cost. The choice depends on the homeowner’s budget and desired lifespan.

Basic Components of a Shingle Roof

A shingle roof is more than just the shingles themselves. It’s a layered system designed to protect the home from the elements. The underlayment, a waterproof membrane, sits directly on the roof decking and provides an extra layer of protection against leaks. The roofing felt, a more basic form of underlayment, is less expensive. The shingles are then applied over the underlayment. The roof decking, typically plywood or OSB, forms the structural base of the roof. Finally, flashings, made of metal, are crucial for sealing around chimneys, vents, and other penetrations in the roof to prevent water intrusion. Proper installation of each component is critical for a long-lasting and leak-free roof.

Assessing the Condition of an Existing Roof

Regular roof inspections are essential for preventing costly repairs. A visual inspection should be performed at least twice a year, focusing on key areas. Begin by checking the gutters and downspouts for debris and proper drainage. Next, inspect the shingles themselves for signs of wear and tear such as curling, cracking, missing granules, or discoloration. Pay close attention to areas prone to water damage, such as valleys, chimneys, and flashing. Examine the roof decking for any signs of rot or damage by carefully inspecting exposed areas. Look for signs of moss or algae growth, which can indicate moisture problems. Finally, check for any missing or damaged flashing around chimneys, vents, and skylights. If significant damage is found, a professional roof inspection should be scheduled. For example, large areas of missing granules or significant shingle damage would warrant immediate professional attention. A professional inspection can provide a comprehensive assessment of the roof’s condition and identify potential problems before they become major issues.

DIY Asphalt Shingle Installation

Tackling a DIY asphalt shingle roof installation can be a rewarding but challenging project. It requires significant time, effort, and attention to detail to ensure a long-lasting, weatherproof roof. Proper planning and preparation are crucial for a successful outcome, minimizing potential risks and saving money compared to hiring professionals. This section details the necessary steps and considerations for a DIY asphalt shingle roof installation.

Tools and Materials for Asphalt Shingle Roof Installation

Gathering the right tools and materials is essential before starting. Having everything on hand will streamline the process and prevent costly delays. The costs listed below are estimates and may vary based on location and retailer.

Tool	Purpose	Cost Estimate	Where to Buy
Hammer	Driving roofing nails	$15 – $30	Home improvement stores, hardware stores
Roofing nails	Securing shingles and underlayment	$20 – $50 per box	Home improvement stores, hardware stores
Utility knife	Cutting shingles and underlayment	$10 – $20	Home improvement stores, hardware stores
Measuring tape	Accurate shingle placement	$5 – $15	Home improvement stores, hardware stores
Chalk line	Marking straight lines for shingle rows	$10 – $20	Home improvement stores, hardware stores
Safety harness and rope	Essential for roof safety	$50 – $150	Home improvement stores, hardware stores, safety supply stores
Ladder	Safe access to the roof	$50 – $200+	Home improvement stores, hardware stores
Asphalt shingles	The roofing material	$100 – $300+ per bundle (depending on quality and quantity)	Home improvement stores, roofing supply stores
Underlayment	Waterproof membrane beneath shingles	$50 – $150+ per roll	Home improvement stores, roofing supply stores
Flashing	Waterproofing around chimneys, vents, and valleys	$20 – $50 per piece (depending on size and type)	Home improvement stores, roofing supply stores

Roof Deck Preparation

Preparing the roof deck is crucial for a successful shingle installation. A properly prepared deck ensures a secure and long-lasting roof. This involves removing old shingles, inspecting the decking, and making any necessary repairs.

Remove all existing shingles and debris from the roof deck. Dispose of materials properly.
Inspect the roof deck for damaged or rotten wood. Replace any damaged sections with new plywood.
Clean the roof deck thoroughly to remove any loose particles or debris.
Ensure the roof deck is dry before installing the underlayment.

Installing Underlayment and Flashing

Underlayment and flashing provide crucial waterproofing protection. Proper installation is key to preventing leaks.

Roll out the underlayment, starting at the bottom of the roof and working your way up. Overlap each roll according to manufacturer’s instructions (typically 6 inches).
Secure the underlayment with roofing nails every 6-12 inches.
Install flashing around chimneys, vents, and valleys, ensuring a watertight seal. Use roofing cement to secure the flashing.
Overlap flashing pieces adequately and seal all seams with roofing cement.

Asphalt Shingle Installation

Installing asphalt shingles requires precision and attention to detail. Proper nailing and alignment are critical for a long-lasting roof.

Start at the bottom edge of the roof and install the starter shingles according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Apply a layer of roofing cement to the bottom edge of the first course of shingles for added adhesion.
Install the first course of shingles, aligning them with the starter shingles and ensuring even spacing.
Nail each shingle using 4-6 nails per shingle, positioning them near the top edge of the shingle to avoid splitting.
Continue installing courses of shingles, overlapping each course according to manufacturer’s instructions. Usually, this is about 5 inches.
Cut shingles to fit around vents, chimneys, and other roof features. Use a utility knife and measure carefully.
Maintain consistent shingle alignment throughout the entire roofing process.
Use a roofing hatchet to trim any excess shingle material cleanly and neatly.

Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

Several common mistakes can lead to premature roof failure. Understanding these errors and how to avoid them is crucial for a successful DIY project.

Improper nailing: Using too few nails or nailing them incorrectly can lead to shingles lifting or blowing off. Always follow manufacturer’s recommendations for nail placement and number.
Inadequate underlayment installation: Improper underlayment installation can compromise the roof’s waterproofing. Ensure complete coverage and proper overlap.
Neglecting flashing: Failing to install flashing properly around penetrations can lead to leaks. Use proper flashing materials and seal all seams carefully.
Poor shingle alignment: Inconsistent shingle alignment can create gaps and compromise the roof’s weather resistance. Maintain even spacing and alignment throughout the installation.
Working in unsuitable weather conditions: Installing shingles in extreme heat or cold can affect adhesion and longevity. Work only in suitable weather conditions.

Professional Asphalt Shingle Installation

Professional asphalt shingle installation offers a significant contrast to DIY projects, primarily in terms of expertise, efficiency, and long-term value. While a DIY approach might seem cost-effective initially, professional installation ensures a higher-quality, longer-lasting roof that protects your investment.

Comparison of DIY and Professional Asphalt Shingle Installation

The following table highlights key differences between DIY and professional asphalt shingle installation:

Aspect	DIY	Professional	Advantages/Disadvantages
Skill and Experience	Limited experience, reliance on online tutorials	Years of experience, specialized training	DIY: Disadvantages – potential for mistakes leading to leaks, premature wear. Advantages – cost savings (if successful). Professional: Advantages – high-quality work, reduced risk of errors. Disadvantages – higher initial cost.
Time Investment	Significantly longer project duration, potentially spanning several weekends or more.	Faster installation due to efficiency and specialized tools.	DIY: Disadvantages – time-consuming, disruptive to daily life. Advantages – flexibility in scheduling (within reason). Professional: Advantages – quick completion, minimal disruption. Disadvantages – less control over scheduling.
Materials and Tools	May require renting or purchasing specialized tools; potential for material waste.	Access to high-quality materials and specialized tools. Efficient material usage minimizing waste.	DIY: Disadvantages – additional expense for tool rental/purchase, potential material waste. Advantages – potential to source materials at lower cost (with due diligence). Professional: Advantages – efficient material use, access to high-quality materials. Disadvantages – may involve markup on material costs.
Warranty and Insurance	Limited or no warranty on workmanship; homeowner responsible for any damage or leaks.	Comprehensive warranty on both materials and workmanship; insurance coverage for potential damage during installation.	DIY: Disadvantages – complete responsibility for defects and repairs. Advantages – none in this regard. Professional: Advantages – protection against defects, insurance coverage for accidents. Disadvantages – may require separate insurance verification.

Benefits of Hiring a Professional Roofer

Hiring a professional roofer provides numerous benefits beyond simply installing shingles. Professionals possess the expertise to accurately assess roof condition, identify underlying issues, and select appropriate materials. They ensure proper installation techniques, leading to a longer-lasting, more durable roof, minimizing the risk of leaks and costly repairs down the line. Furthermore, professional installation often comes with a warranty, providing peace of mind and protection against defects in workmanship.

Qualifications and Certifications to Look For in a Professional Roofer

Choosing a qualified roofer is crucial. Look for contractors with proven experience, positive customer reviews, and appropriate licensing and insurance. Consider certifications from organizations like the National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA), which demonstrate a commitment to industry best practices and professional standards. Verification of their insurance and licensing through relevant state authorities is also vital.

Checklist for Evaluating a Roofing Contractor’s Bid

Before signing a contract, carefully review the contractor’s bid. This checklist can help:

Detailed Scope of Work: Ensure the bid clearly outlines all aspects of the project, including materials, labor, and cleanup.
Detailed Material Specifications: Verify the type and quality of shingles and other materials to be used.
Payment Schedule: Understand the payment terms and ensure they align with project milestones.
Warranty Information: Carefully review the warranty on both materials and workmanship.
Insurance and Licensing Verification: Confirm the contractor’s insurance coverage and licensing.
References and Reviews: Check online reviews and request references from previous clients.
Permits and Inspections: Clarify who is responsible for obtaining necessary permits and inspections.

Warranty and Insurance Implications

Professional installation typically includes a comprehensive warranty covering both materials and workmanship, offering protection against defects for a specified period. This contrasts sharply with DIY installations, where the homeowner bears the full responsibility for any repairs or replacements needed due to faulty installation. Furthermore, professional roofers carry liability insurance, protecting both the homeowner and the contractor from potential accidents or damages during the installation process. A DIY project leaves the homeowner fully exposed to such risks.

Cost Comparison

Choosing between DIY and professional asphalt shingle installation involves a significant financial consideration. The initial cost difference can be substantial, but long-term expenses, including potential repairs, need careful evaluation to determine the most economical approach. This section details the cost breakdown for both methods, helping you make an informed decision.

DIY Asphalt Shingle Installation Costs

The cost of a DIY asphalt shingle roof installation is highly variable depending on roof size, complexity, and material choices. However, a detailed breakdown helps estimate the overall expense.

Item	Estimated Cost	Notes	DIY vs. Professional Cost Difference
Asphalt Shingles	$1,500 – $3,000	Cost varies based on quality, type, and quantity needed. Higher-quality shingles generally last longer.	Potentially significant savings compared to professional costs, as this is a major expense for professionals.
Underlayment	$300 – $600	Essential for water protection; synthetic underlayment is more expensive but offers better protection.	Savings similar to shingles, but a smaller percentage of the overall project cost.
Starter Shingles	$50 – $100	Creates a strong base for the rest of the shingles.	Significant savings, as this is a relatively small cost.
Flashing	$100 – $200	Crucial for sealing vulnerable areas like chimneys and vents.	Potential savings, but improper flashing installation can lead to costly repairs.
Nails & Sealant	$50 – $100	Essential for secure shingle attachment and waterproofing.	Significant savings.
Tools (Rental or Purchase)	$100 – $500	Includes ladder, roofing nails, hammer, utility knife, chalk line, etc. Rental is cheaper but may involve multiple trips.	Significant savings if tools are already owned; otherwise, rental costs can be considerable.
Safety Equipment	$50 – $150	Crucial for personal safety; includes a harness, safety glasses, and gloves.	Savings, but compromising safety is unacceptable.
Waste Disposal	$50 – $200	Proper disposal of old shingles is crucial; costs depend on location and disposal methods.	Potential savings, depending on local regulations.
Potential Material Overages/Mistakes	$100 – $500	Account for potential errors leading to material waste.	Professional roofers have experience minimizing waste.
Total Estimated DIY Cost	$2,350 – $5,100	This is a broad estimate; actual costs depend on various factors.	Significant potential savings, but with increased risk.

Professional Asphalt Shingle Installation Costs

Hiring a professional roofing contractor involves higher upfront costs but often offers advantages in terms of expertise, warranty, and minimized risk of errors. Costs vary significantly based on location, roof size, and contractor rates.

A typical professional asphalt shingle roof installation can range from $5,000 to $15,000 or more, depending on the factors mentioned above. This includes labor, materials, and waste disposal. Always obtain multiple quotes before making a decision.

Cost Comparison: DIY vs. Professional

Comparing the total costs, a DIY approach can save a significant amount of money, potentially ranging from $2,650 to $9,900 or more (depending on the high and low ends of the estimates). However, this saving comes with the risk of errors, potential injuries, and the added time and effort involved. Professional installation, while more expensive upfront, offers peace of mind, a warranty on workmanship, and minimizes the risk of costly mistakes that could lead to future repairs or even complete roof replacement.

Long-Term Cost Implications

A poorly installed DIY roof can lead to premature aging, leaks, and the need for expensive repairs or premature replacement. These unexpected costs can quickly negate the initial savings. A professionally installed roof, with a proper warranty, offers greater long-term cost certainty and potentially a longer lifespan, reducing the need for frequent repairs or replacements. For example, a $5,000 professional installation lasting 25 years is far cheaper per year than a $2,500 DIY job requiring a $3,000 repair after 10 years and a full replacement at 15 years.

Safety Considerations

Roofing, whether DIY or professional, involves significant safety risks. Working at heights presents the most obvious danger, but improper handling of materials and tools also contributes to accidents. Understanding and implementing appropriate safety measures is crucial to prevent injuries and fatalities. This section details essential safety precautions for both DIY and professional asphalt shingle installation.

Safety Equipment and Practices for Asphalt Shingle Installation

Proper safety equipment is non-negotiable for any roofing project. Neglecting these precautions can lead to serious injury or death. The following list details essential safety gear and practices:

Hard hats: Essential to protect against falling objects, such as shingles, tools, or debris.
Safety harnesses and fall arrest systems: Absolutely crucial when working at heights. These systems should be regularly inspected and properly anchored to a secure point on the roof. A fall arrest system includes a harness, lanyard, and anchor point, working together to prevent a fall.
Safety glasses or goggles: Protect eyes from flying debris, dust, and chemicals.
Work gloves: Protect hands from cuts, abrasions, and blisters caused by shingles, tools, and other materials.
Sturdy work boots with slip-resistant soles: Provide secure footing on a sloped and potentially slippery roof surface.
Proper clothing: Long sleeves and pants protect skin from sun exposure and scratches. Avoid loose clothing that could get caught on tools or roofing materials.
Ladder safety: Always use a ladder that extends at least three feet above the roofline. Ensure the ladder is placed on a stable, level surface and secured to prevent slipping. Never overreach while on a ladder.

Hazards Associated with Working at Heights

Working at heights presents numerous hazards, including:

Falls: The most significant risk, leading to serious injuries or death. Falls can be caused by slippery surfaces, improper ladder placement, or equipment failure.
Exposure to the elements: Roofers are exposed to extreme weather conditions, such as heat, cold, rain, and wind, which can lead to dehydration, hypothermia, or other health problems.
Overexertion: Roofing is physically demanding work, and overexertion can lead to muscle strains, sprains, and other injuries.

Safe Handling of Roofing Materials and Tools

Proper handling of materials and tools is vital to prevent accidents. This includes:

Lifting techniques: Use proper lifting techniques to avoid back injuries. Lift with your legs, keep your back straight, and avoid twisting.
Material storage: Store materials safely and securely to prevent them from falling or causing tripping hazards. Use appropriate supports to prevent stacks from collapsing.
Tool maintenance: Keep tools sharp and in good working order to prevent accidents. Inspect tools before each use and replace damaged or worn-out tools immediately.
Sharp tools: Exercise extreme caution when using sharp tools like knives and utility blades. Always point the blades away from your body and others.
Power tools: Follow all manufacturer’s instructions and safety precautions when using power tools. Use appropriate safety equipment, such as eye protection and hearing protection.

Environmental Impact

Asphalt shingle roofing, while a common and cost-effective choice, carries a significant environmental footprint throughout its lifecycle. Understanding this impact, from manufacturing to disposal, is crucial for making informed decisions about roofing materials and promoting sustainable building practices. This section examines the environmental considerations associated with asphalt shingles and explores ways to minimize their impact.

Asphalt shingle production consumes significant energy and resources. The manufacturing process involves extracting and refining crude oil to produce asphalt, mining aggregates like limestone and clay, and using significant energy for processing and transportation. The resulting shingles, while durable, are not inherently biodegradable and contribute to landfill waste at the end of their lifespan. Furthermore, the manufacturing process can release greenhouse gases and other pollutants into the atmosphere. The type of shingle, its composition, and the manufacturing process all influence the overall environmental impact.

Manufacturing Processes and Emissions

The energy intensity of asphalt shingle manufacturing varies depending on the specific processes employed by different manufacturers. Some manufacturers are investing in more energy-efficient technologies and using recycled materials to reduce their carbon footprint. However, the overall energy consumption remains considerable. The extraction and transportation of raw materials, the energy used in the manufacturing plant, and the transportation of finished shingles all contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. These emissions include carbon dioxide, methane, and other pollutants that contribute to climate change and air pollution. A life-cycle assessment (LCA) can provide a comprehensive evaluation of the environmental impact of a specific asphalt shingle product.

Asphalt Shingle Composition and its Environmental Impact

Different asphalt shingles have varying compositions, which can affect their environmental impact. For instance, shingles containing recycled materials, such as reclaimed asphalt, can reduce the demand for virgin resources and lower overall emissions. The percentage of recycled content varies among manufacturers and products. Shingles with higher recycled content generally have a smaller environmental footprint than those made entirely from virgin materials. The color of the shingle can also have an impact, as darker colors absorb more heat, potentially increasing the building’s energy consumption for cooling.

Disposal and Recycling Options

At the end of their lifespan, asphalt shingles typically end up in landfills. This contributes to landfill space depletion and the potential release of harmful substances into the environment. However, increasing numbers of recycling programs are emerging to address this issue. Some asphalt shingles can be recycled and used in road construction, creating a valuable secondary application. This diversion from landfills reduces the overall environmental burden associated with asphalt shingles. Checking with local waste management facilities to determine recycling options in your area is crucial for responsible disposal.

Sustainable Roofing Practices

Sustainable roofing practices involve minimizing the environmental impact of the entire roofing system, from material selection to installation and disposal. Choosing shingles with a high percentage of recycled content, opting for lighter colors to reduce heat absorption, and utilizing energy-efficient installation techniques can all contribute to a more environmentally responsible approach. Furthermore, exploring alternative roofing materials with lower environmental impacts, such as recycled metal roofing or vegetated roofs, is a viable option in some situations. Considering the entire lifecycle of the roofing system, including material sourcing, manufacturing, transportation, installation, maintenance, and disposal, is crucial for implementing truly sustainable practices.

Ending Remarks

Ultimately, the decision of whether to tackle asphalt shingle installation yourself or hire a professional hinges on a careful assessment of your skills, time constraints, budget, and risk tolerance. While a DIY approach can offer significant cost savings, it requires significant time investment and carries a higher risk of mistakes leading to costly repairs down the line. Professional installation, on the other hand, guarantees a quality result, protects your warranty, and provides peace of mind. By weighing the factors discussed in this guide, you can confidently choose the best approach to ensure a long-lasting and safe roof for your home.